The New Mexico Forestry Division retains lead responsibility for wildland fire management on all non-federal, non-tribal, and non-municipal lands, maintaining fire suppression capacities and emphasizing public and firefighters' safety.
The Forest Legacy Program, initiated by the U.S. Congress in 1990, works to assist landowners, state and local governments, and land trusts with the identification and conservation of crucial forest lands facing the threat of conversion to non-forest uses. It underscores the significance of forest lands for environmental health, emphasizing their role in producing wood products, providing wildlife habitats and open spaces, supporting watershed integrity, combating climate change through carbon sequestration, and resisting urban sprawl. The program facilitates the sale of conservation easements to the state, covering up to 75% of the easement purchase price through federal grants, with the remainder needing to come from non-federal sources or being donated by the landowner. These conservation easements, which are held indefinitely by the state, aim to prevent the subdivision and development of these lands for non-forest uses while allowing landowners to retain extensive rights over their properties.